Dr. Gerald Cleaver, Ph.D. Physics

Professor of Physics, Baylor University

Waco, Texas, United States of America

Research Interests

String Theory
Cosmology
Quantum Gravity
Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science
Geometry and Topology
Mathematical Physics
Aerospace Engineering

About

Dr. Gerald B. Cleaver is a highly skilled and experienced problem solver. He especially enjoys projects simultaneously requiring large- and small-scale analysis, wherein logic meets creativity, and abstract thinking is applied to real-world situations. Cleaver is a dedicated leader with over 22 years of management experience of research groups, and is an eloquent communicator with more than 24 years of teaching experience. He directs the Early Universe Cosmology and Strings (EUCOS) division of Baylor University's Center for Astrophysics, Space Physics, and Engineering Research (CASPER) and has advised the dissertation research of 20 M.S. & Ph.D. students (13 graduated, 8 current). During his 2013 to 2022 tenure as Physics Graduate Program Director, Cleaver coordinated the graduate programs of over 100 students and managed the \~ $700K teaching assistantship budgets. Working with faculty colleagues, he doubled the physics graduate student enrollment from 25 in 2013 to the present 52. Cleaver was written over 85 peer-reviewed research journal articles and 25 conference proceedings. He has spoken at more than 70 conferences and workshops. Cleaver is co-author of one physics textbook and has authored six book chapters and an encyclopedia entry.

Publications

String derived MSSM and M-theory unification

Physics Letters B / May 01, 1999

Cleaver, G. B., Faraggi, A. E., & Nanopoulos, D. V. (1999). String derived MSSM and M-theory unification. Physics Letters B, 455(1–4), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(99)00413-x

Physics implications of flat directions in free fermionic superstring models. I. Mass spectrum and couplings

Physical Review D / Feb 01, 1999

Cleaver, G., Cvetič, M., Espinosa, J. R., Everett, L., Langacker, P., & Wang, J. (1999). Physics implications of flat directions in free fermionic superstring models. I. Mass spectrum and couplings. Physical Review D, 59(5). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.59.055005

Classification of flat directions in perturbative heterotic superstring vacua with anomalous U(1)

Nuclear Physics B / Aug 01, 1998

Cleaver, G., Cvetič, M., Espinosa, J. R., Everett, L., & Langacker, P. (1998). Classification of flat directions in perturbative heterotic superstring vacua with anomalous U(1). Nuclear Physics B, 525(1–2), 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(98)00277-6

Intermediate scales, μ parameter, and fermion masses from string models

Physical Review D / Mar 01, 1998

Cleaver, G., Cvetič, M., Espinosa, J. R., Everett, L., & Langacker, P. (1998). Intermediate scales, μ parameter, and fermion masses from string models. Physical Review D, 57(5), 2701–2715. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.57.2701

Left-right symmetric heterotic-string derived models

Physical Review D / Feb 07, 2001

Cleaver, G. B., Faraggi, A. E., & Savage, C. (2001). Left-right symmetric heterotic-string derived models. Physical Review D, 63(6). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.63.066001

A MINIMAL SUPERSTRING STANDARD MODEL I: FLAT DIRECTIONS

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Jan 30, 2001

CLEAVER, G. B., FARAGGI, A. E., & NANOPOULOS, D. V. (2001). A MINIMAL SUPERSTRING STANDARD MODEL I: FLAT DIRECTIONS. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 16(03), 425–482. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01001057

ON THE ANOMALOUS U(1) IN FREE FERMIONIC SUPERSTRING MODELS

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Jun 20, 1999

CLEAVER, G. B., & FARAGGI, A. E. (1999). ON THE ANOMALOUS U(1) IN FREE FERMIONIC SUPERSTRING MODELS. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 14(15), 2335–2356. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x99001172

Phenomenological study of a minimal superstring standard model

Nuclear Physics B / Jan 01, 2001

Cleaver, G. B., Faraggi, A. E., Nanopoulos, D. V., & Walker, J. W. (2001). Phenomenological study of a minimal superstring standard model. Nuclear Physics B, 593(3), 471–504. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(00)00543-5

Physics implications of flat directions in free fermionic superstring models. II. Renormalization group analysis

Physical Review D / Apr 15, 1999

Cleaver, G., Cvetič, M., Espinosa, J. R., Everett, L., Langacker, P., & Wang, J. (1999). Physics implications of flat directions in free fermionic superstring models. II. Renormalization group analysis. Physical Review D, 59(11). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.59.115003

Flat directions in left-right symmetric string derived models

Physical Review D / May 03, 2002

Cleaver, G. B., Clements, D. J., & Faraggi, A. E. (2002). Flat directions in left-right symmetric string derived models. Physical Review D, 65(10). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.65.106003

Pre-inflationary universe in loop quantum cosmology

Physical Review D / Oct 18, 2017

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Cleaver, G., Kirsten, K., & Sheng, Q. (2017). Pre-inflationary universe in loop quantum cosmology. Physical Review D, 96(8). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.96.083520

Physics and Technology of the Next Linear Collider: A Report Submitted to Snowmass '96 by the NLC Zeroth-Order Design Group and the NLC Physics Working Group

Jun 01, 1996

Kuhlman, S. (1996). Physics and Technology of the Next Linear Collider: A Report Submitted to Snowmass ’96 by the NLC Zeroth-Order Design Group and the NLC Physics Working Group. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI). https://doi.org/10.2172/1879448

Phenomenology of non-Abelian flat directions in a minimal superstring standard model

Nuclear Physics B / Jan 01, 2002

Cleaver, G. B., Faraggi, A. E., Nanopoulos, D. V., & Walker, J. W. (2002). Phenomenology of non-Abelian flat directions in a minimal superstring standard model. Nuclear Physics B, 620(1–2), 259–289. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(01)00558-2

NON-ABELIAN FLAT DIRECTIONS IN A MINIMAL SUPERSTRING STANDARD MODEL

Modern Physics Letters A / Jun 14, 2000

CLEAVER, G. B., NANOPOULOS, D. V., WALKER, J. W., & FARAGGI, A. E. (2000). NON-ABELIAN FLAT DIRECTIONS IN A MINIMAL SUPERSTRING STANDARD MODEL. Modern Physics Letters A, 15(18), 1191–1202. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732300001444

The status of supersymmetry

AIP Conference Proceedings / Jan 01, 1996

Bagger, J. A. (1996). The status of supersymmetry. AIP Conference Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.49644

Universal features of quantum bounce in loop quantum cosmology

Physics Letters B / Oct 01, 2017

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Kirsten, K., Cleaver, G., & Sheng, Q. (2017). Universal features of quantum bounce in loop quantum cosmology. Physics Letters B, 773, 196–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2017.08.025

Inflationary cosmology with nonlinear dispersion relations

Physical Review D / Feb 10, 2014

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Cleaver, G., Kirsten, K., & Sheng, Q. (2014). Inflationary cosmology with nonlinear dispersion relations. Physical Review D, 89(4). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.89.043507

Quasirealistic heterotic-string models with vanishing one-loop cosmological constant and perturbatively broken supersymmetry?

Physical Review D / Aug 25, 2008

Cleaver, G. B., Faraggi, A. E., Manno, E., & Timirgaziu, C. (2008). Quasirealistic heterotic-string models with vanishing one-loop cosmological constant and perturbatively broken supersymmetry? Physical Review D, 78(4). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.78.046009

Gravitational quantum effects on power spectra and spectral indices with higher-order corrections

Physical Review D / Sep 03, 2014

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Cleaver, G., Kirsten, K., & Sheng, Q. (2014). Gravitational quantum effects on power spectra and spectral indices with higher-order corrections. Physical Review D, 90(6). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.90.063503

Possibility of optical unification in heterotic strings

Physical Review D / Jan 30, 2003

Cleaver, G., Desai, V., Hanson, H., Perkins, J., Robbins, D., & Shields, S. (2003). Possibility of optical unification in heterotic strings. Physical Review D, 67(2). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.67.026009

TOWARDS STRING PREDICTIONS

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Aug 20, 2001

CLEAVER, G. B., NANOPOULOS, D. V., FARAGGI, A. E., & TER VELDHUIS, T. (2001). TOWARDS STRING PREDICTIONS. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 16(21), 3565–3581. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01004918

High-order primordial perturbations with quantum gravitational effects

Physical Review D / Jun 29, 2016

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Kirsten, K., Cleaver, G., & Sheng, Q. (2016). High-order primordial perturbations with quantum gravitational effects. Physical Review D, 93(12). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.93.123525

DETECTING QUANTUM GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS OF LOOP QUANTUM COSMOLOGY IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE?

The Astrophysical Journal / Jul 01, 2015

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Cleaver, G., Kirsten, K., Sheng, Q., & Wu, Q. (2015). DETECTING QUANTUM GRAVITATIONAL EFFECTS OF LOOP QUANTUM COSMOLOGY IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE? The Astrophysical Journal, 807(1), L17. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/807/1/l17

Primordial non-Gaussianity and power asymmetry with quantum gravitational effects in loop quantum cosmology

Physical Review D / Feb 02, 2018

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Kirsten, K., Cleaver, G., & Sheng, Q. (2018). Primordial non-Gaussianity and power asymmetry with quantum gravitational effects in loop quantum cosmology. Physical Review D, 97(4). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.97.043501

Power spectra and spectral indices of k-inflation: High-order corrections

Physical Review D / Nov 13, 2014

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Cleaver, G., Kirsten, K., & Sheng, Q. (2014). Power spectra and spectral indices of k-inflation: High-order corrections. Physical Review D, 90(10). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.90.103517

Threshold effects in SUSY and non-SUSY GUTs

Pramana / Oct 01, 1995

Parida, M. K. (1995). Threshold effects in SUSY and non-SUSY GUTs. Pramana, 45(S1), 209–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02907975

Constructing analytical solutions of linear perturbations of inflation with modified dispersion relations

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Sep 16, 2014

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Cleaver, G., Kirsten, K., & Sheng, Q. (2014). Constructing analytical solutions of linear perturbations of inflation with modified dispersion relations. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 29(23), 1450142. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x14501425

Flat directions in flipped SU(5). I: All-order analysis

Nuclear Physics B / Apr 01, 2001

Cleaver, G. B., Ellis, J., & Nanopoulos, D. V. (2001). Flat directions in flipped SU(5). I: All-order analysis. Nuclear Physics B, 600(2), 315–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(01)00058-x

Stringent phenomenological investigation into heterotic string optical unification

Physical Review D / Jan 25, 2007

Perkins, J., Dundee, B., Obousy, R., Hatten, S., Kasper, E., Robinson, M., Sloan, C., Stone, K., & Cleaver, G. (2007). Stringent phenomenological investigation into heterotic string optical unification. Physical Review D, 75(2). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.75.026007

Aspects of fractional superstrings

Communications in Mathematical Physics / Jan 01, 1995

Cleaver, G. B., & Rosenthal, P. J. (1995). Aspects of fractional superstrings. Communications in Mathematical Physics, 167(1), 155–182. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02099356

Algebraic Foundations

Symmetry and the Standard Model / Jan 01, 2011

Robinson, M. (2011). Algebraic Foundations. In Symmetry and the Standard Model (pp. 51–139). Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8267-4_3

Preinflationary perturbations from the closed algebra approach in loop quantum cosmology

Physical Review D / May 28, 2019

Li, B.-F., Zhu, T., Wang, A., Kirsten, K., Cleaver, G., & Sheng, Q. (2019). Preinflationary perturbations from the closed algebra approach in loop quantum cosmology. Physical Review D, 99(10). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.99.103536

FREE FERMIONIC HETEROTIC MODEL BUILDING AND ROOT SYSTEMS

Modern Physics Letters A / Oct 30, 2009

ROBINSON, M. B., CLEAVER, G. B., & HUNZIKER, M. (2009). FREE FERMIONIC HETEROTIC MODEL BUILDING AND ROOT SYSTEMS. Modern Physics Letters A, 24(33), 2703–2715. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732309031843

Geometric surfaces: An invariant characterization of spherically symmetric black hole horizons and wormhole throats

Physical Review D / Jun 10, 2021

McNutt, D. D., Julius, W., Gorban, M., Mattingly, B., Brown, P., & Cleaver, G. (2021). Geometric surfaces: An invariant characterization of spherically symmetric black hole horizons and wormhole throats. Physical Review D, 103(12). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.103.124024

RADIUS DESTABILIZATION IN FIVE-DIMENSIONAL ORBIFOLDS DUE TO AN ENHANCED CASIMIR EFFECT

Modern Physics Letters A / Jun 21, 2009

OBOUSY, R., & CLEAVER, G. (2009). RADIUS DESTABILIZATION IN FIVE-DIMENSIONAL ORBIFOLDS DUE TO AN ENHANCED CASIMIR EFFECT. Modern Physics Letters A, 24(19), 1495–1506. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732309030941

Effects of external radiation on an Alcubierre warp bubble

Physics Essays / Jun 13, 2016

Lee, J. S., & Cleaver, G. B. (2016). Effects of external radiation on an Alcubierre warp bubble. Physics Essays, 29(2), 201–206. https://doi.org/10.4006/0836-1398-29.2.201

MINIMAL SUPERSTRING STANDARD MODEL: A REVIEW

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Sep 01, 2001

Cleaver, G. B. (2001). MINIMAL SUPERSTRING STANDARD MODEL: A REVIEW. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 16(supp01c), 949–951. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01008588

ON GEOMETRICAL INTERPRETATION OF NON-ABELIAN FLAT DIRECTION CONSTRAINTS

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Sep 10, 2008

CLEAVER, G. B., NANOPOULOS, D. V., PERKINS, J. T., & WALKER, J. W. (2008). ON GEOMETRICAL INTERPRETATION OF NON-ABELIAN FLAT DIRECTION CONSTRAINTS. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 23(22), 3461–3492. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x0804161x

The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model

Supersymmetry and String Theory / Oct 31, 2015

The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. (2015). In Supersymmetry and String Theory (pp. 160–176). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781107261426.014

On modular invariant partition functions for tensor products of conformal field theories

Physics Letters B / Feb 01, 1993

Cleaver, G. B., & Lewellen, D. C. (1993). On modular invariant partition functions for tensor products of conformal field theories. Physics Letters B, 300(4), 354–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(93)91345-n

SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATIONS OF THE FREE FERMIONIC HETEROTIC STRING GAUGE GROUP STATISTICS: LAYER 1 RESULTS

Modern Physics Letters A / Oct 20, 2011

MOORE, D., GREENWALD, J., RENNER, T., ROBINSON, M., BUESCHER, C., JANAS, M., MILLER, G., RUHNAU, S., & CLEAVER, G. (2011). SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATIONS OF THE FREE FERMIONIC HETEROTIC STRING GAUGE GROUP STATISTICS: LAYER 1 RESULTS. Modern Physics Letters A, 26(32), 2411–2426. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732311036851

HETEROTIC STRING OPTICAL UNIFICATION

String Phenomenology 2003 / Aug 01, 2004

CLEAVER, G., DUNDEE, B., PERKINS, J., OBOUSY, R., KASPER, E., ROBINSON, M., & STONE, K. (2004, August). HETEROTIC STRING OPTICAL UNIFICATION. String Phenomenology 2003. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812702463_0012

Ultra-relativistic thermodynamics and aberrations of the cosmic microwave background radiation

Modern Physics Letters A / Mar 11, 2015

Lee, J. S., & Cleaver, G. B. (2015). Ultra-relativistic thermodynamics and aberrations of the cosmic microwave background radiation. Modern Physics Letters A, 30(09), 1550045. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732315500455

REDUNDANCIES IN EXPLICITLY CONSTRUCTED TEN-DIMENSIONAL HETEROTIC STRING MODELS

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Oct 10, 2011

RENNER, T., GREENWALD, J., MOORE, D., & CLEAVER, G. (2011). REDUNDANCIES IN EXPLICITLY CONSTRUCTED TEN-DIMENSIONAL HETEROTIC STRING MODELS. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 26(25), 4451–4473. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x1105453x

A NON-STANDARD STRING EMBEDDING OF E8

Modern Physics Letters A / Jun 28, 2009

OBOUSY, R., ROBINSON, M., & CLEAVER, G. B. (2009). A NON-STANDARD STRING EMBEDDING OF E8. Modern Physics Letters A, 24(20), 1577–1582. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732309030965

Effects of high-order operators in nonrelativistic Lifshitz holography

Physical Review D / Mar 09, 2015

Wang, X., Yang, J., Tian, M., Wang, A., Deng, Y., & Cleaver, G. (2015). Effects of high-order operators in nonrelativistic Lifshitz holography. Physical Review D, 91(6). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.91.064018

OBSERVABLE/HIDDEN SECTOR BROKEN SYMMETRY FOR SYMMETRIC BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Jun 30, 2006

DUNDEE, B., PERKINS, J., & CLEAVER, G. (2006). OBSERVABLE/HIDDEN SECTOR BROKEN SYMMETRY FOR SYMMETRIC BOUNDARY CONDITIONS. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 21(16), 3367–3385. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x06031090

Firing Distance Estimates with Pellet Dispersion from Shotgun with Various Chokes: An Experimental, Comparative Study

Journal of Forensic Sciences / Apr 06, 2011

Arslan, M. M., Kar, H., Üner, B., & Çetin, G. (2011). Firing Distance Estimates with Pellet Dispersion from Shotgun with Various Chokes: An Experimental, Comparative Study: FIRING DISTANCE ESTIMATES WITH PELLET DISPERSION FROM SHOTGUN WITH VARIOUS CHOKES. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 56(4), 988–992. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01761.x

RANDALL–SUNDRUM AND FLIPPED SU(5)

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Jul 30, 2008

DUNDEE, B., & CLEAVER, G. (2008). RANDALL–SUNDRUM AND FLIPPED <font>SU</font>(5). International Journal of Modern Physics A, 23(19), 2915–2931. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x08041414

String Theory, Quantum Gravity and the Unification of the Fundamental Interactions

String Theory, Quantum Gravity and the Unification of the Fundamental Interactions / Aug 01, 1993

Bianchi, M., Fucito, F., Marinari, E., & Sagnotti, A. (1993, August). String Theory, Quantum Gravity and the Unification of the Fundamental Interactions. String Theory, Quantum Gravity and the Unification of the Fundamental Interactions. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814536707

GAUGE MODELS IN D DIMENSIONS

Modern Physics Letters A / May 20, 2013

MOORE, D., GREENWALD, J., & CLEAVER, G. (2013). GAUGE MODELS IN D DIMENSIONS. Modern Physics Letters A, 28(15), 1350055. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732313500557

Interference phenomena in the asymmetric dynamical Casimir effect for a single δδ mirror

Physical Review D / Nov 30, 2023

Gorban, M. J., Julius, W. D., Radhakrishnan, R., & Cleaver, G. B. (2023). Interference phenomena in the asymmetric dynamical Casimir effect for a single <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>δ</mml:mi><mml:mo>′</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math> mirror. Physical Review D, 108(9). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.108.096037

Ratio of Quark Masses in Duality Theories

Modern Physics Letters A / Aug 20, 2003

Cleaver, G., & Tanaka, K. (2003). Ratio of Quark Masses in Duality Theories. Modern Physics Letters A, 18(25), 1743–1752. https://doi.org/10.1142/s021773230301140x

Lorentz gauge-invariant variables in torsion-based theories of gravity

Physical Review D / Apr 19, 2022

Blixt, D., Ferraro, R., Golovnev, A., & Guzmán, M.-J. (2022). Lorentz gauge-invariant variables in torsion-based theories of gravity. Physical Review D, 105(8). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.105.084029

Correction: Gorban et al. The Asymmetric Dynamical Casimir Effect. Physics 2023, 5, 398–422

Physics / Mar 15, 2024

Gorban, M. J., Julius, W. D., Brown, P. M., Matulevich, J. A., & Cleaver, G. B. (2024). Correction: Gorban et al. The Asymmetric Dynamical Casimir Effect. Physics 2023, 5, 398–422. Physics, 6(1), 422–425. https://doi.org/10.3390/physics6010028

Lorentz boosted parallel plate Casimir cavity

Physical Review D / Mar 08, 2024

Gorban, M. J., Julius, W. D., & Cleaver, G. B. (2024). Lorentz boosted parallel plate Casimir cavity. Physical Review D, 109(6). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.109.065007

Uniform Asymptotic Approximation Method with Pöschl–Teller Potential

Universe / Oct 31, 2023

Pan, R., Marchetta, J. J., Saeed, J., Cleaver, G., Li, B.-F., Wang, A., & Zhu, T. (2023). Uniform Asymptotic Approximation Method with Pöschl–Teller Potential. Universe, 9(11), 471. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9110471

The Asymmetric Dynamical Casimir Effect

Physics / Apr 11, 2023

Gorban, M., Julius, W., Brown, P., Matulevich, J., & Cleaver, G. (2023). The Asymmetric Dynamical Casimir Effect. Physics, 5(2), 398–422. https://doi.org/10.3390/physics5020029

An Invariant Characterization of the Levi-Civita Spacetimes

Symmetry / Aug 11, 2021

Watson, C. K., Julius, W., Gorban, M., McNutt, D. D., Davis, E. W., & Cleaver, G. B. (2021). An Invariant Characterization of the Levi-Civita Spacetimes. Symmetry, 13(8), 1469. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081469

Curvature Invariants for the Alcubierre and Natário Warp Drives

Universe / Jan 20, 2021

Mattingly, B., Kar, A., Gorban, M., Julius, W., Watson, C. K., Ali, M., Baas, A., Elmore, C., Lee, J. S., Shakerin, B., Davis, E. W., & Cleaver, G. B. (2021). Curvature Invariants for the Alcubierre and Natário Warp Drives. Universe, 7(2), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7020021

Curvature Invariants for the Accelerating Natário Warp Drive

Particles / Sep 16, 2020

Mattingly, B., Kar, A., Gorban, M., Julius, W., Watson, C. K., Ali, M. D., Baas, A., Elmore, C., Lee, J. S., Shakerin, B., Davis, E. W., & Cleaver, G. B. (2020). Curvature Invariants for the Accelerating Natário Warp Drive. Particles, 3(3), 642–659. https://doi.org/10.3390/particles3030042

Curvature Invariants for Lorentzian Traversable Wormholes

Universe / Jan 09, 2020

Mattingly, B., Kar, A., Julius, W., Gorban, M., Watson, C., Ali, M., Baas, A., Elmore, C., Shakerin, B., Davis, E., & Cleaver, G. (2020). Curvature Invariants for Lorentzian Traversable Wormholes. Universe, 6(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe6010011

Lorentz gauge theory of gravity in electron–positron colliders

Classical and Quantum Gravity / Oct 31, 2017

Borzou, A., Cleaver, G., & Mirza, B. (2017). Lorentz gauge theory of gravity in electron–positron colliders. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 34(22), 225013. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/aa8f7c

The relativistic blackbody spectrum in inertial and non-inertial reference frames

New Astronomy / Apr 01, 2017

Lee, J. S., & Cleaver, G. B. (2017). The relativistic blackbody spectrum in inertial and non-inertial reference frames. New Astronomy, 52, 20–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newast.2016.10.003

White holes as the asymptotic limit of evaporating primordial black holes

International Journal of Modern Physics A / Oct 26, 2016

Lee, J. S., & Cleaver, G. B. (2016). White holes as the asymptotic limit of evaporating primordial black holes. International Journal of Modern Physics A, 31(30), 1650162. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x16501621

Relativistic drag and emission radiation pressures in an isotropic photonic gas

Modern Physics Letters A / Jun 21, 2016

Lee, J. S., & Cleaver, G. B. (2016). Relativistic drag and emission radiation pressures in an isotropic photonic gas. Modern Physics Letters A, 31(19), 1650118. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217732316501182

Inflationary spectra with inverse-volume corrections in loop quantum cosmology and their observational constraints from Planck 2015 data

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics / Mar 24, 2016

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Kirsten, K., Cleaver, G., Sheng, Q., & Wu, Q. (2016). Inflationary spectra with inverse-volume corrections in loop quantum cosmology and their observational constraints from Planck 2015 data. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2016(03), 046–046. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2016/03/046

Scalar and tensor perturbations in loop quantum cosmology: high-order corrections

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics / Oct 26, 2015

Zhu, T., Wang, A., Cleaver, G., Kirsten, K., Sheng, Q., & Wu, Q. (2015). Scalar and tensor perturbations in loop quantum cosmology: high-order corrections. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2015(10), 052–052. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2015/10/052

Initial Systematic Investigations of the Landscape of Low-Layer NAHE Variation Extensions

ISRN High Energy Physics / Oct 08, 2013

Renner, T., Greenwald, J., Moore, D., & Cleaver, G. (2013). Initial Systematic Investigations of the Landscape of Low-Layer NAHE Variation Extensions. ISRN High Energy Physics, 2013, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/595070

Initial systematic investigations of the landscape of low layer NAHE extensions

The European Physical Journal C / Oct 01, 2012

Renner, T., Greenwald, J., Moore, D., & Cleaver, G. (2012). Initial systematic investigations of the landscape of low layer NAHE extensions. The European Physical Journal C, 72(10). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2167-y

Casimir energy and brane stability

Journal of Geometry and Physics / Mar 01, 2011

Obousy, R., & Cleaver, G. (2011). Casimir energy and brane stability. Journal of Geometry and Physics, 61(3), 577–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomphys.2010.11.006

Investigation of quasi-realistic heterotic string models with reduced Higgs spectrum

The European Physical Journal C / Dec 01, 2011

Cleaver, G., Faraggi, A., Greenwald, J., Moore, D., Pechan, K., Remkus, E., & Renner, T. (2011). Investigation of quasi-realistic heterotic string models with reduced Higgs spectrum. The European Physical Journal C, 71(12). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-011-1842-8

On a NAHE variation

Nuclear Physics B / Sep 01, 2011

Greenwald, J., Moore, D., Pechan, K., Renner, T., Ali, T., & Cleaver, G. (2011). On a NAHE variation. Nuclear Physics B, 850(3), 445–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2011.05.001

Branes in theMD×Md+×Mdcompactification of type II string onS1/Z2and their cosmological applications

Journal of High Energy Physics / Oct 30, 2009

Devin, M., Ali, T., Cleaver, G., Wang, A., & Wu, Q. (2009). Branes in theMD×Md+×Md−compactification of type II string onS1/Z2and their cosmological applications. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2009(10), 095–095. https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2009/10/095

A note on a standard embedding on half-flat manifolds

Journal of High Energy Physics / Jul 29, 2008

Ali, T., & Cleaver, G. B. (2008). A note on a standard embedding on half-flat manifolds. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2008(07), 121–121. https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2008/07/121

Supersymmetry Breaking Casimir Warp Drive

AIP Conference Proceedings / Jan 01, 2007

Obousy, R. K., & Cleaver, G. (2007). Supersymmetry Breaking Casimir Warp Drive. AIP Conference Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2437563

The Ricci curvature of half-flat manifolds

Journal of High Energy Physics / May 04, 2007

Ali, T., & Cleaver, G. B. (2007). The Ricci curvature of half-flat manifolds. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2007(05), 009–009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2007/05/009

Developments in string cosmology

Advances in Space Research / Jan 01, 2005

Cleaver, G. B. (2005). Developments in string cosmology. Advances in Space Research, 35(1), 106–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2003.08.046

PARAMETER SPACE INVESTIGATIONS OF FREE FERMIONIC HETEROTIC MODELS

String Phenomenology / Mar 01, 2003

CLEAVER, G. B. (2003, March). PARAMETER SPACE INVESTIGATIONS OF FREE FERMIONIC HETEROTIC MODELS. String Phenomenology. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812704917_0006

NAHE-based string models with SU(4)×SU(2)×U(1) SO(10) subgroup

Nuclear Physics B / Nov 01, 2003

Cleaver, G. B., Faraggi, A. E., & Nooij, S. E. M. (2003). NAHE-based string models with SU(4)×SU(2)×U(1) SO(10) subgroup. Nuclear Physics B, 672(1–2), 64–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.09.012

Mass Hierarchy and Flat Directions in String Models

Physics of Mass

Cleaver, G. B. (n.d.). Mass Hierarchy and Flat Directions in String Models. In Physics of Mass (pp. 101–110). Kluwer Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47085-3_13

PHENOMENOLOGICAL SURVEY OF A MINIMAL SUPERSTRING STANDARD MODEL

Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS 99) / Aug 01, 2000

CLEAVER, G. B. (2000, August). PHENOMENOLOGICAL SURVEY OF A MINIMAL SUPERSTRING STANDARD MODEL. Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS 99). https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812792433_0012

Flat directions in three-generation free-fermionic string models

Nuclear Physics B / Apr 01, 1999

Cleaver, G., Cvetič, M., Espinosa, J. R., Everett, L., & Langacker, P. (1999). Flat directions in three-generation free-fermionic string models. Nuclear Physics B, 545(1–3), 47–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0550-3213(98)00863-3

Advances in old-fashioned heterotic string model building

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements / Mar 01, 1998

Cleaver, G. B. (1998). Advances in old-fashioned heterotic string model building. Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements, 62(1–3), 161–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(97)00653-1

On the anomalous U(1) in free fermionic superstring models

Nov 01, 1997

Cleaver, G. B., & Faraggi, A. E. (1997). On the anomalous U(1) in free fermionic superstring models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI). https://doi.org/10.2172/564309

Stringy P-Branes: Suggestions of Dimensional Duality

High-Energy Physics and Cosmology / Jan 01, 1997

Cleaver, G. B. (1997). Stringy P-Branes: Suggestions of Dimensional Duality. In High-Energy Physics and Cosmology (pp. 117–126). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5397-7_11

Grand Unified Theories From Superstrings

Neutrino Mass, Dark Matter, Gravitational Waves, Monopole Condensation, and Light Cone Quantization / Jan 01, 1996

Cleaver, G. B. (1996). Grand Unified Theories From Superstrings. In Neutrino Mass, Dark Matter, Gravitational Waves, Monopole Condensation, and Light Cone Quantization (pp. 31–41). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1564-1_4

String cosmology and the dimension of spacetime

Nuclear Physics B / Dec 01, 1995

Cleaver, G. B., & Rosenthal, P. J. (1995). String cosmology and the dimension of spacetime. Nuclear Physics B, 457(3), 621–642. https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(95)00415-7

Supersymmetries in free fermionic strings

Nuclear Physics B / Dec 01, 1995

Cleaver, G. B. (1995). Supersymmetries in free fermionic strings. Nuclear Physics B, 456(1–2), 219–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(95)00481-0

A status report on the SLD data acquisition system

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science / Feb 01, 1989

Breidenbach, M. (1989). A status report on the SLD data acquisition system. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 36(1), 23–28. https://doi.org/10.1109/23.34395

The cosmic microwave background radiation power spectrum as a random bit generator for symmetric- and asymmetric-key cryptography

Heliyon / Oct 01, 2017

Lee, J. S., & Cleaver, G. B. (2017). The cosmic microwave background radiation power spectrum as a random bit generator for symmetric- and asymmetric-key cryptography. Heliyon, 3(10), e00422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00422

Education

California Institute of Technology

Ph.D. in Early Universe Cosmology and String Theory, Physics / June, 1993

Pasadena, California, United States of America

California Institute of Technology

MS, Physics / June, 1988

Pasadena, California, United States of America

Valparaiso University

BS, Mathematics

Valparaiso, Indiana, United States of America

Valparaiso University

BS, Physics

Valparaiso, Indiana, United States of America

Experience

Baylor University

Professor and Graduate Director / 2013Present

Head of Early Universe Cosmology and Superstrings Division / 2002Present

Associate Professor / 20062013

Assistant Professor / 20012006

Lone Star College Kingwood

Adjunct Professor / 20012001

Texas A&M University

Visiting Assistant Profsesor / 20002001

Post-Doctoral Researcher / 19982000

University of Pennsylvania

Post-Doctoral Researcher / 19961998

Ohio State University

Post-Doctoral Researcher / 19931996

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