Jean Twenge

Researcher of generational differences and Professor of Psychology, San Diego State University

Research Interests

generations
personality
social psychology
gender roles
Visual Arts and Performing Arts
Education
Finance
Strategy and Management
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Clinical Psychology
Sociology and Political Science
Applied Psychology
Business and International Management
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Environmental Engineering
Developmental and Educational Psychology
Anthropology
Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management
Management Science and Operations Research
Biological Psychiatry
Psychiatry and Mental health
Gender Studies
History and Philosophy of Science
Health Informatics
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Cultural Studies
Communication
History
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Human-Computer Interaction
Life-span and Life-course Studies
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Epidemiology
Health (social science)
Automotive Engineering
Industrial relations
Geriatrics and Gerontology
Behavioral Neuroscience

About

Jean M. Twenge, Professor of Psychology at San Diego State University, is the author of more than 180 scientific publications and seven books, including *Generations*: *The Real Differences between Gen Z, Millennials, Gen X, Boomers and Silents—and What They Mean for America’s Future* and *iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy--and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood*. She holds a BA and MA from the University of Chicago and a Ph.D. from the University of Michigan. She writes the Generation Tech substack.

Publications

Generational Differences in Work Values: Leisure and Extrinsic Values Increasing, Social and Intrinsic Values Decreasing

Journal of Management / Mar 01, 2010

Twenge, J. M., Campbell, S. M., Hoffman, B. J., & Lance, C. E. (2010). Generational Differences in Work Values: Leisure and Extrinsic Values Increasing, Social and Intrinsic Values Decreasing. Journal of Management, 36(5), 1117–1142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206309352246

iGen: Why Today's Super-connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy-and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood-and What That Means for the Rest of Us by Jean Twenge (review)

Group / Dec 01, 2018

Kring, B. (2018). iGen: Why Today’s Super-connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy-and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood-and What That Means for the Rest of Us by Jean Twenge (review). Group, 42(4), 363–365. https://doi.org/10.1353/grp.2018.0004

If you can't join them, beat them: Effects of social exclusion on aggressive behavior.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Jan 01, 2001

Twenge, J. M., Baumeister, R. F., Tice, D. M., & Stucke, T. S. (2001). If you can’t join them, beat them: Effects of social exclusion on aggressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(6), 1058–1069. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.81.6.1058

Social exclusion impairs self-regulation.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Apr 01, 2005

Baumeister, R. F., DeWall, C. N., Ciarocco, N. J., & Twenge, J. M. (2005). Social exclusion impairs self-regulation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(4), 589–604. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.88.4.589

Social exclusion decreases prosocial behavior.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Jan 01, 2007

Twenge, J. M., Baumeister, R. F., DeWall, C. N., Ciarocco, N. J., & Bartels, J. M. (2007). Social exclusion decreases prosocial behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(1), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.1.56

That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Jan 01, 1998

Fredrickson, B. L., Roberts, T.-A., Noll, S. M., Quinn, D. M., & Twenge, J. M. (1998). That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(1), 269–284. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.75.1.269

A Review of the Empirical Evidence on Generational Differences in Work Attitudes

Journal of Business and Psychology / Feb 18, 2010

Twenge, J. M. (2010). A Review of the Empirical Evidence on Generational Differences in Work Attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(2), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-010-9165-6

Increases in Depressive Symptoms, Suicide-Related Outcomes, and Suicide Rates Among U.S. Adolescents After 2010 and Links to Increased New Media Screen Time

Clinical Psychological Science / Nov 14, 2017

Twenge, J. M., Joiner, T. E., Rogers, M. L., & Martin, G. N. (2017). Increases in Depressive Symptoms, Suicide-Related Outcomes, and Suicide Rates Among U.S. Adolescents After 2010 and Links to Increased New Media Screen Time. Clinical Psychological Science, 6(1), 3–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702617723376

Making choices impairs subsequent self-control: A limited-resource account of decision making, self-regulation, and active initiative.

Motivation Science / Aug 01, 2014

Vohs, K. D., Baumeister, R. F., Schmeichel, B. J., Twenge, J. M., Nelson, N. M., & Tice, D. M. (2014). Making choices impairs subsequent self-control: A limited-resource account of decision making, self-regulation, and active initiative. Motivation Science, 1(S), 19–42. https://doi.org/10.1037/2333-8113.1.s.19

Egos Inflating Over Time: A Cross‐Temporal Meta‐Analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory

Journal of Personality / Jul 08, 2008

Twenge, J. M., Konrath, S., Foster, J. D., Keith Campbell, W., & Bushman, B. J. (2008). Egos Inflating Over Time: A Cross‐Temporal Meta‐Analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Journal of Personality, 76(4), 875–902. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00507.x

Parenthood and Marital Satisfaction: A Meta‐Analytic Review

Journal of Marriage and Family / Aug 01, 2003

Twenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., & Foster, C. A. (2003). Parenthood and Marital Satisfaction: A Meta‐Analytic Review. Journal of Marriage and Family, 65(3), 574–583. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2003.00574.x

Effects of social exclusion on cognitive processes: Anticipated aloneness reduces intelligent thought.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Jan 01, 2002

Baumeister, R. F., Twenge, J. M., & Nuss, C. K. (2002). Effects of social exclusion on cognitive processes: Anticipated aloneness reduces intelligent thought. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(4), 817–827. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.83.4.817

Generational differences in psychological traits and their impact on the workplace

Journal of Managerial Psychology / Nov 07, 2008

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, S. M. (2008). Generational differences in psychological traits and their impact on the workplace. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(8), 862–877. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940810904367

Age, gender, race, socioeconomic status, and birth cohort difference on the children's depression inventory: A meta-analysis.

Journal of Abnormal Psychology / Jan 01, 2002

Twenge, J. M., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2002). Age, gender, race, socioeconomic status, and birth cohort difference on the children’s depression inventory: A meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111(4), 578–588. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-843x.111.4.578

The age of anxiety? The birth cohort change in anxiety and neuroticism, 1952-1993.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Jan 01, 2000

Twenge, J. M. (2000). The age of anxiety? The birth cohort change in anxiety and neuroticism, 1952-1993. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(6), 1007–1021. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.79.6.1007

Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005–2017.

Journal of Abnormal Psychology / Apr 01, 2019

Twenge, J. M., Cooper, A. B., Joiner, T. E., Duffy, M. E., & Binau, S. G. (2019). Age, period, and cohort trends in mood disorder indicators and suicide-related outcomes in a nationally representative dataset, 2005–2017. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 128(3), 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000410

Changes in masculine and feminine traits over time: A meta-analysis

Sex Roles / Mar 01, 1997

Twenge, J. M. (1997). Changes in masculine and feminine traits over time: A meta-analysis. Sex Roles, 36(5–6), 305–325. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02766650

“Isn’t It Fun to Get the Respect That We’re Going to Deserve?” Narcissism, Social Rejection, and Aggression

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin / Feb 01, 2003

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2003). “Isn’t It Fun to Get the Respect That We’re Going to Deserve?” Narcissism, Social Rejection, and Aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(2), 261–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202239051

Social Exclusion and the Deconstructed State: Time Perception, Meaninglessness, Lethargy, Lack of Emotion, and Self-Awareness.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Sep 01, 2003

Twenge, J. M., Catanese, K. R., & Baumeister, R. F. (2003). Social Exclusion and the Deconstructed State: Time Perception, Meaninglessness, Lethargy, Lack of Emotion, and Self-Awareness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(3), 409–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.3.409

Generational differences in young adults' life goals, concern for others, and civic orientation, 1966–2009.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / May 01, 2012

Twenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., & Freeman, E. C. (2012). Generational differences in young adults’ life goals, concern for others, and civic orientation, 1966–2009. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(5), 1045–1062. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027408

Interpersonal Rejection as a Determinant of Anger and Aggression

Personality and Social Psychology Review / May 01, 2006

Leary, M. R., Twenge, J. M., & Quinlivan, E. (2006). Interpersonal Rejection as a Determinant of Anger and Aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(2), 111–132. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr1002_2

Individual differences in narcissism: Inflated self-views across the lifespan and around the world

Journal of Research in Personality / Dec 01, 2003

Foster, J. D., Keith Campbell, W., & Twenge, J. M. (2003). Individual differences in narcissism: Inflated self-views across the lifespan and around the world. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 469–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0092-6566(03)00026-6

Age and Birth Cohort Differences in Self-Esteem: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis

Personality and Social Psychology Review / Nov 01, 2001

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2001). Age and Birth Cohort Differences in Self-Esteem: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5(4), 321–344. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0504_3

Race and self-esteem: Meta-analyses comparing Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians and comment on Gray-Little and Hafdahl (2000).

Psychological Bulletin / Jan 01, 2002

Twenge, J. M., & Crocker, J. (2002). Race and self-esteem: Meta-analyses comparing Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians and comment on Gray-Little and Hafdahl (2000). Psychological Bulletin, 128(3), 371–408. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.128.3.371

Self-Esteem and Socioeconomic Status: A Meta-Analytic Review

Personality and Social Psychology Review / Feb 01, 2002

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2002). Self-Esteem and Socioeconomic Status: A Meta-Analytic Review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 6(1), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0601_3

Social exclusion causes self-defeating behavior.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Jan 01, 2002

Twenge, J. M., Catanese, K. R., & Baumeister, R. F. (2002). Social exclusion causes self-defeating behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(3), 606–615. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.83.3.606

Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study

Preventive Medicine Reports / Dec 01, 2018

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports, 12, 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003

Birth cohort increases in psychopathology among young Americans, 1938–2007: A cross-temporal meta-analysis of the MMPI

Clinical Psychology Review / Mar 01, 2010

Twenge, J. M., Gentile, B., DeWall, C. N., Ma, D., Lacefield, K., & Schurtz, D. R. (2010). Birth cohort increases in psychopathology among young Americans, 1938–2007: A cross-temporal meta-analysis of the MMPI. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.10.005

It's Beyond My Control: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of Increasing Externality in Locus of Control, 1960-2002

Personality and Social Psychology Review / Aug 01, 2004

Twenge, J. M., Zhang, L., & Im, C. (2004). It’s Beyond My Control: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of Increasing Externality in Locus of Control, 1960-2002. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8(3), 308–319. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0803_5

Trends in U.S. Adolescents’ media use, 1976–2016: The rise of digital media, the decline of TV, and the (near) demise of print.

Psychology of Popular Media Culture / Oct 01, 2019

Twenge, J. M., Martin, G. N., & Spitzberg, B. H. (2019). Trends in U.S. Adolescents’ media use, 1976–2016: The rise of digital media, the decline of TV, and the (near) demise of print. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(4), 329–345. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000203

Decreases in psychological well-being among American adolescents after 2012 and links to screen time during the rise of smartphone technology.

Emotion / Sep 01, 2018

Twenge, J. M., Martin, G. N., & Campbell, W. K. (2018). Decreases in psychological well-being among American adolescents after 2012 and links to screen time during the rise of smartphone technology. Emotion, 18(6), 765–780. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000403

Generational changes and their impact in the classroom: teaching Generation Me

Medical Education / May 01, 2009

Twenge, J. M. (2009). Generational changes and their impact in the classroom: teaching Generation Me. Medical Education, 43(5), 398–405. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03310.x

Attitudes Toward Women, 1970–1995

Psychology of Women Quarterly / Mar 01, 1997

Twenge, J. M. (1997). Attitudes Toward Women, 1970–1995: A Meta-Analysis. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21(1), 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00099.x

Changes in women's assertiveness in response to status and roles: A cross-temporal meta-analysis, 1931-1993.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Jan 01, 2001

Twenge, J. M. (2001). Changes in women’s assertiveness in response to status and roles: A cross-temporal meta-analysis, 1931-1993. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(1), 133–145. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.81.1.133

Birth Cohort Increases in Narcissistic Personality Traits Among American College Students, 1982–2009

Social Psychological and Personality Science / Jan 01, 2010

Twenge, J. M., & Foster, J. D. (2010). Birth Cohort Increases in Narcissistic Personality Traits Among American College Students, 1982–2009. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1(1), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550609355719

Gender Differences in Domain-Specific Self-Esteem: A Meta-Analysis

Review of General Psychology / Mar 01, 2009

Gentile, B., Grabe, S., Dolan-Pascoe, B., Twenge, J. M., Wells, B. E., & Maitino, A. (2009). Gender Differences in Domain-Specific Self-Esteem: A Meta-Analysis. Review of General Psychology, 13(1), 34–45. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013689

Trends in Mood and Anxiety Symptoms and Suicide-Related Outcomes Among U.S. Undergraduates, 2007–2018: Evidence From Two National Surveys

Journal of Adolescent Health / Nov 01, 2019

Duffy, M. E., Twenge, J. M., & Joiner, T. E. (2019). Trends in Mood and Anxiety Symptoms and Suicide-Related Outcomes Among U.S. Undergraduates, 2007–2018: Evidence From Two National Surveys. Journal of Adolescent Health, 65(5), 590–598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.04.033

Cultural suppression of female sexuality.

Review of General Psychology / Jan 01, 2002

Baumeister, R. F., & Twenge, J. M. (2002). Cultural suppression of female sexuality. Review of General Psychology, 6(2), 166–203. https://doi.org/10.1037//1089-2680.6.2.166

It's the thought that counts: The role of hostile cognition in shaping aggressive responses to social exclusion.

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology / Jan 01, 2009

DeWall, C. N., Twenge, J. M., Gitter, S. A., & Baumeister, R. F. (2009). It’s the thought that counts: The role of hostile cognition in shaping aggressive responses to social exclusion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96(1), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013196

U.S. Census Bureau‐assessed prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in 2019 and during the 2020 COVID‐19 pandemic

Depression and Anxiety / Jul 15, 2020

Twenge, J. M., & Joiner, T. E. (2020). U.S. Census Bureau‐assessed prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in 2019 and during the 2020 COVID‐19 pandemic. Depression and Anxiety, 37(10), 954–956. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.23077

Thwarting the Need to Belong: Understanding the Interpersonal and Inner Effects of Social Exclusion

Social and Personality Psychology Compass / Oct 18, 2007

Baumeister, R. F., Brewer, L. E., Tice, D. M., & Twenge, J. M. (2007). Thwarting the Need to Belong: Understanding the Interpersonal and Inner Effects of Social Exclusion. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 1(1), 506–520. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00020.x

Less in-person social interaction with peers among U.S. adolescents in the 21st century and links to loneliness

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships / Mar 19, 2019

Twenge, J. M., Spitzberg, B. H., & Campbell, W. K. (2019). Less in-person social interaction with peers among U.S. adolescents in the 21st century and links to loneliness. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(6), 1892–1913. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407519836170

Masculine and Feminine Traits on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, 1993–2012: a Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis

Sex Roles / Apr 15, 2016

Donnelly, K., & Twenge, J. M. (2016). Masculine and Feminine Traits on the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, 1993–2012: a Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis. Sex Roles, 76(9–10), 556–565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-016-0625-y

Changes in American Adults’ Sexual Behavior and Attitudes, 1972–2012

Archives of Sexual Behavior / May 05, 2015

Twenge, J. M., Sherman, R. A., & Wells, B. E. (2015). Changes in American Adults’ Sexual Behavior and Attitudes, 1972–2012. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44(8), 2273–2285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-015-0540-2

Generational Changes in Materialism and Work Centrality, 1976-2007

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin / May 01, 2013

Twenge, J. M., & Kasser, T. (2013). Generational Changes in Materialism and Work Centrality, 1976-2007: Associations With Temporal Changes in Societal Insecurity and Materialistic Role Modeling. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 39(7), 883–897. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167213484586

The effect of social networking websites on positive self-views: An experimental investigation

Computers in Human Behavior / Sep 01, 2012

Gentile, B., Twenge, J. M., Freeman, E. C., & Campbell, W. K. (2012). The effect of social networking websites on positive self-views: An experimental investigation. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(5), 1929–1933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.05.012

Mental distress among U.S. adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Journal of Clinical Psychology / Oct 09, 2020

Twenge, J. M., & Joiner, T. E. (2020). Mental distress among U.S. adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(12), 2170–2182. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23064

Gender differences in associations between digital media use and psychological well‐being: Evidence from three large datasets

Journal of Adolescence / Jan 08, 2020

Twenge, J. M., & Martin, G. N. (2020). Gender differences in associations between digital media use and psychological well‐being: Evidence from three large datasets. Journal of Adolescence, 79(1), 91–102. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.12.018

Media Use Is Linked to Lower Psychological Well-Being: Evidence from Three Datasets

Psychiatric Quarterly / Mar 11, 2019

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2019). Media Use Is Linked to Lower Psychological Well-Being: Evidence from Three Datasets. Psychiatric Quarterly, 90(2), 311–331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-019-09630-7

The Evidence for Generation Me and Against Generation We

Emerging Adulthood / Mar 01, 2013

Twenge, J. M. (2013). The Evidence for Generation Me and Against Generation We. Emerging Adulthood, 1(1), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696812466548

Trait Self-Objectification in Women: Affective and Personality Correlates

Journal of Research in Personality / Apr 01, 2002

Miner-Rubino, K., Twenge, J. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2002). Trait Self-Objectification in Women: Affective and Personality Correlates. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(2), 147–172. https://doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.2001.2343

The Disruptive Effect of Self-Objectification on Performance

Psychology of Women Quarterly / Mar 01, 2006

Quinn, D. M., Kallen, R. W., Twenge, J. M., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2006). The Disruptive Effect of Self-Objectification on Performance. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30(1), 59–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2006.00262.x

Declines in Trust in Others and Confidence in Institutions Among American Adults and Late Adolescents, 1972–2012

Psychological Science / Sep 09, 2014

Twenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., & Carter, N. T. (2014). Declines in Trust in Others and Confidence in Institutions Among American Adults and Late Adolescents, 1972–2012. Psychological Science, 25(10), 1914–1923. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614545133

Changes in Young People's Sexual Behavior and Attitudes, 1943–1999: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis

Review of General Psychology / Sep 01, 2005

Wells, B. E., & Twenge, J. M. (2005). Changes in Young People’s Sexual Behavior and Attitudes, 1943–1999: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis. Review of General Psychology, 9(3), 249–261. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.9.3.249

Decreases in self-reported sleep duration among U.S. adolescents 2009–2015 and association with new media screen time

Sleep Medicine / Nov 01, 2017

Twenge, J. M., Krizan, Z., & Hisler, G. (2017). Decreases in self-reported sleep duration among U.S. adolescents 2009–2015 and association with new media screen time. Sleep Medicine, 39, 47–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2017.08.013

Tuning in to psychological change: Linguistic markers of psychological traits and emotions over time in popular U.S. song lyrics.

Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts / Aug 01, 2011

DeWall, C. N., Pond, R. S., Campbell, W. K., & Twenge, J. M. (2011). Tuning in to psychological change: Linguistic markers of psychological traits and emotions over time in popular U.S. song lyrics. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 5(3), 200–207. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023195

Generational Increases in Agentic Self-evaluations among American College Students, 1966–2009

Self and Identity / Oct 01, 2012

Twenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., & Gentile, B. (2012). Generational Increases in Agentic Self-evaluations among American College Students, 1966–2009. Self and Identity, 11(4), 409–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2011.576820

Mapping the scale of the narcissism epidemic: Increases in narcissism 2002–2007 within ethnic groups

Journal of Research in Personality / Dec 01, 2008

Twenge, J. M., & Foster, J. D. (2008). Mapping the scale of the narcissism epidemic: Increases in narcissism 2002–2007 within ethnic groups. Journal of Research in Personality, 42(6), 1619–1622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2008.06.014

Attitudes Toward Women’s Work and Family Roles in the United States, 1976–2013

Psychology of Women Quarterly / Jun 26, 2015

Donnelly, K., Twenge, J. M., Clark, M. A., Shaikh, S. K., Beiler-May, A., & Carter, N. T. (2015). Attitudes Toward Women’s Work and Family Roles in the United States, 1976–2013. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 40(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684315590774

The Decline in Adult Activities Among U.S. Adolescents, 1976–2016

Child Development / Sep 18, 2017

Twenge, J. M., & Park, H. (2017). The Decline in Adult Activities Among U.S. Adolescents, 1976–2016. Child Development, 90(2), 638–654. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12930

Changes in the need for social approval, 1958–2001

Journal of Research in Personality / Feb 01, 2007

Twenge, J. M., & Im, C. (2007). Changes in the need for social approval, 1958–2001. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(1), 171–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.03.006

More Time on Technology, Less Happiness? Associations Between Digital-Media Use and Psychological Well-Being

Current Directions in Psychological Science / May 22, 2019

Twenge, J. M. (2019). More Time on Technology, Less Happiness? Associations Between Digital-Media Use and Psychological Well-Being. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 28(4), 372–379. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721419838244

Further Evidence of an Increase in Narcissism Among College Students

Journal of Personality / Jul 08, 2008

Twenge, J. M., Konrath, S., Foster, J. D., Campbell, W. K., & Bushman, B. J. (2008). Further Evidence of an Increase in Narcissism Among College Students. Journal of Personality, 76(4), 919–928. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00509.x

Birth cohort changes in extraversion: a cross-temporal meta-analysis, 1966–1993

Personality and Individual Differences / Apr 01, 2001

Twenge, J. M. (2001). Birth cohort changes in extraversion: a cross-temporal meta-analysis, 1966–1993. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(5), 735–748. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00066-0

Increases in Positive Self-Views Among High School Students

Psychological Science / Nov 01, 2008

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2008). Increases in Positive Self-Views Among High School Students: Birth-Cohort Changes in Anticipated Performance, Self-Satisfaction, Self-Liking, and Self-Competence. Psychological Science, 19(11), 1082–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02204.x

Birth Cohort Differences in Self-Esteem, 1988–2008: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis

Review of General Psychology / Sep 01, 2010

Gentile, B., Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2010). Birth Cohort Differences in Self-Esteem, 1988–2008: A Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis. Review of General Psychology, 14(3), 261–268. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019919

Generational Differences Are Real and Useful

Industrial and Organizational Psychology / Sep 01, 2015

Campbell, W. K., Campbell, S. M., Siedor, L. E., & Twenge, J. M. (2015). Generational Differences Are Real and Useful. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 8(3), 324–331. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2015.43

Replenishing connectedness: Reminders of social activity reduce aggression after social exclusion

British Journal of Social Psychology / Mar 01, 2007

Twenge, J. M., Zhang, L., Catanese, K. R., Dolan‐Pascoe, B., Lyche, L. F., & Baumeister, R. F. (2007). Replenishing connectedness: Reminders of social activity reduce aggression after social exclusion. British Journal of Social Psychology, 46(1), 205–224. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466605x90793

Changes in American Adults’ Reported Same-Sex Sexual Experiences and Attitudes, 1973–2014

Archives of Sexual Behavior / Jun 01, 2016

Twenge, J. M., Sherman, R. A., & Wells, B. E. (2016). Changes in American Adults’ Reported Same-Sex Sexual Experiences and Attitudes, 1973–2014. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45(7), 1713–1730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0769-4

Fitting In or Standing Out: Trends in American Parents' Choices for Children’s Names, 1880–2007

Social Psychological and Personality Science / Jan 01, 2010

Twenge, J. M., Abebe, E. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2010). Fitting In or Standing Out: Trends in American Parents’ Choices for Children’s Names, 1880–2007. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1(1), 19–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550609349515

Increases in Individualistic Words and Phrases in American Books, 1960–2008

PLoS ONE / Jul 10, 2012

Twenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., & Gentile, B. (2012). Increases in Individualistic Words and Phrases in American Books, 1960–2008. PLoS ONE, 7(7), e40181. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0040181

Time Period and Birth Cohort Differences in Depressive Symptoms in the U.S., 1982–2013

Social Indicators Research / Jun 05, 2014

Twenge, J. M. (2014). Time Period and Birth Cohort Differences in Depressive Symptoms in the U.S., 1982–2013. Social Indicators Research, 121(2), 437–454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-014-0647-1

Placing Job Characteristics in Context: Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of Changes in Job Characteristics Since 1975

Journal of Management / Jun 29, 2016

Wegman, L. A., Hoffman, B. J., Carter, N. T., Twenge, J. M., & Guenole, N. (2016). Placing Job Characteristics in Context: Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis of Changes in Job Characteristics Since 1975. Journal of Management, 44(1), 352–386. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206316654545

Automatic emotion regulation after social exclusion: Tuning to positivity.

Emotion / Jun 01, 2011

DeWall, C. N., Twenge, J. M., Koole, S. L., Baumeister, R. F., Marquez, A., & Reid, M. W. (2011). Automatic emotion regulation after social exclusion: Tuning to positivity. Emotion, 11(3), 623–636. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023534

Changes in Pronoun Use in American Books and the Rise of Individualism, 1960-2008

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology / Aug 09, 2012

Twenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., & Gentile, B. (2012). Changes in Pronoun Use in American Books and the Rise of Individualism, 1960-2008. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44(3), 406–415. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022112455100

A Little Acceptance Goes a Long Way

Social Psychological and Personality Science / Apr 01, 2010

Nathan DeWall, C., Twenge, J. M., Bushman, B., Im, C., & Williams, K. (2010). A Little Acceptance Goes a Long Way: Applying Social Impact Theory to the Rejection–Aggression Link. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1(2), 168–174. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550610361387

Generational and Time Period Differences in American Adolescents’ Religious Orientation, 1966–2014

PLOS ONE / May 11, 2015

Twenge, J. M., Exline, J. J., Grubbs, J. B., Sastry, R., & Campbell, W. K. (2015). Generational and Time Period Differences in American Adolescents’ Religious Orientation, 1966–2014. PLOS ONE, 10(5), e0121454. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121454

Worldwide increases in adolescent loneliness

Journal of Adolescence / Dec 01, 2021

Twenge, J. M., Haidt, J., Blake, A. B., McAllister, C., Lemon, H., & Le Roy, A. (2021). Worldwide increases in adolescent loneliness. Journal of Adolescence, 93(1), 257–269. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.006

Social Exclusion Increases Aggression and Self-Defeating Behavior while Reducing Intelligent Thought and Prosocial Behavior

Social Psychology of Inclusion and Exclusion / Jun 02, 2004

Social Exclusion Increases Aggression and Self-Defeating Behavior while Reducing Intelligent Thought and Prosocial Behavior. (2004). In Social Psychology of Inclusion and Exclusion (pp. 45–64). Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203496176-6

Who are the Millennials? Empirical evidence for generational differences in work values, attitudes and personality

Managing the New Workforce / Oct 31, 2012

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, S. M. (2012). Who are the Millennials? Empirical evidence for generational differences in work values, attitudes and personality. In Managing the New Workforce. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857933010.00006

Why increases in adolescent depression may be linked to the technological environment

Current Opinion in Psychology / Apr 01, 2020

Twenge, J. M. (2020). Why increases in adolescent depression may be linked to the technological environment. Current Opinion in Psychology, 32, 89–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.06.036

Not all screen time is created equal: associations with mental health vary by activity and gender

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology / Aug 02, 2020

Twenge, J. M., & Farley, E. (2020). Not all screen time is created equal: associations with mental health vary by activity and gender. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 56(2), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01906-9

Declines in Sexual Frequency among American Adults, 1989–2014

Archives of Sexual Behavior / Mar 06, 2017

Twenge, J. M., Sherman, R. A., & Wells, B. E. (2017). Declines in Sexual Frequency among American Adults, 1989–2014. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(8), 2389–2401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-017-0953-1

What is a Feminist?

Psychology of Women Quarterly / Sep 01, 1999

Twenge, J. M., & Zucker, A. N. (1999). What is a Feminist?: Evaluations and Stereotypes in Closed- and Open-Ended Responses. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 23(3), 591–605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1999.tb00383.x

Associations between screen time and sleep duration are primarily driven by portable electronic devices: evidence from a population-based study of U.S. children ages 0–17

Sleep Medicine / Apr 01, 2019

Twenge, J. M., Hisler, G. C., & Krizan, Z. (2019). Associations between screen time and sleep duration are primarily driven by portable electronic devices: evidence from a population-based study of U.S. children ages 0–17. Sleep Medicine, 56, 211–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2018.11.009

The Social Self

Handbook of Psychology, Second Edition / Sep 26, 2012

Baumeister, R. F., Masicampo, E. J., & Twenge, J. M. (2012, September 26). The Social Self. Handbook of Psychology, Second Edition; Wiley; Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118133880.hop205012

Sexual Inactivity During Young Adulthood Is More Common Among U.S. Millennials and iGen: Age, Period, and Cohort Effects on Having No Sexual Partners After Age 18

Archives of Sexual Behavior / Aug 01, 2016

Twenge, J. M., Sherman, R. A., & Wells, B. E. (2016). Sexual Inactivity During Young Adulthood Is More Common Among U.S. Millennials and iGen: Age, Period, and Cohort Effects on Having No Sexual Partners After Age 18. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46(2), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0798-z

Increases in Depression, Self‐Harm, and Suicide Among U.S. Adolescents After 2012 and Links to Technology Use: Possible Mechanisms

Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice / Jun 01, 2020

Twenge, J. M. (2020). Increases in Depression, Self‐Harm, and Suicide Among U.S. Adolescents After 2012 and Links to Technology Use: Possible Mechanisms. Psychiatric Research and Clinical Practice, 2(1), 19–25. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.prcp.20190015

Does Online Social Media Lead to Social Connection or Social Disconnection?

Journal of College and Character / Feb 01, 2013

Twenge, J. M. (2013). Does Online Social Media Lead to Social Connection or Social Disconnection? Journal of College and Character, 14(1), 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcc-2013-0003

Fuzzy But Useful Constructs: Making Sense of the Differences Between Generations

Work, Aging and Retirement / Feb 15, 2017

Campbell, S. M., Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2017). Fuzzy But Useful Constructs: Making Sense of the Differences Between Generations. Work, Aging and Retirement, 3(2), 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/wax001

Birth Cohort Differences in the Monitoring the Future Dataset and Elsewhere: Further Evidence for Generation Me—Commentary on Trzesniewski & Donnellan (2010)

Perspectives on Psychological Science / Jan 01, 2010

Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2010). Birth Cohort Differences in the Monitoring the Future Dataset and Elsewhere: Further Evidence for Generation Me—Commentary on Trzesniewski & Donnellan (2010). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 5(1), 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691609357015

Mapping Gender

Psychology of Women Quarterly / Sep 01, 1999

Twenge, J. M. (1999). Mapping Gender: The Multifactorial Approach and the Organization of Gender-Related Attributes. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 23(3), 485–502. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1999.tb00377.x

Teaching Generation Me

Teaching of Psychology / Dec 20, 2012

Twenge, J. M. (2012). Teaching Generation Me. Teaching of Psychology, 40(1), 66–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/0098628312465870

Underestimating digital media harm

Nature Human Behaviour / Apr 17, 2020

Twenge, J. M., Haidt, J., Joiner, T. E., & Campbell, W. K. (2020). Underestimating digital media harm. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(4), 346–348. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0839-4

The Great Recession

Social Psychological and Personality Science / Jul 11, 2013

Park, H., Twenge, J. M., & Greenfield, P. M. (2013). The Great Recession: Implications for Adolescent Values and Behavior. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 5(3), 310–318. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550613495419

Education

University of Michigan

Ph.D., Psychology / May, 1998

Ann Arbor

University of Chicago

Sociology / June, 1993

Chicago

Experience

San Diego State University

Professor / August, 2001Present

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